1. The start of the fast-growing and high-yield forest project provides a great opportunity for the development of my country's poplar industry

China is the world's largest producer of wood and wood products, as well as a large consumer. At the same time, it has very little forest resources per capita. The implementation of the natural forest protection project in 1998 made the contradiction between supply and demand of timber in my country more prominent.

"2002 China Timber Market and Industry Research Report" pointed out that the current domestic demand for timber has reached 300 to 330 million m3, but in the case of over-exploitation of forests in China, the maximum possible supply of wood is 231 million m3, so the shortfall is at least 231 million m3. It is estimated that by 2005, the total demand for wood in my country will reach 360 million m3, and the shortage of wood supply will be at least 110 million m3; by 2015, the total demand will reach 420 million m3, and the shortage of wood supply will be at least is 130 million m3.

According to statistics, in 2001, imported timber and its products (including logs, sawn timber, wood-based panels, and pulp) were converted into logs of 77 million m3, costing US$5.3 billion in foreign exchange. my country has become a major importer of timber.

The gap between supply and demand of timber and the structural contradiction will become more prominent. To solve this contradiction, if we rely on imported timber, we will not only be subject to the international market, but also consume a large amount of foreign exchange. The burden on the country is too heavy. One is to speed up the development of fast-growing and high-yielding forests to increase the supply of reserve resources and meet the needs of all walks of life for wood; the other is to vigorously develop the industrial production of wood-based panels. my country has abundant raw materials (wood and non-wood) for wood-based panel industry and a huge potential market. The development of wood-based panel production will be an effective way to solve the contradiction between supply and demand of wood in my country.

The development of fast-growing and high-yield forests is an important way to solve my country's timber supply. For this reason, the country has launched a forestry industry base construction project ("fast-growing and high-yield forest project") in key areas, which has been officially included in my country's "Ten Five" development plan has become a national key project. This is the only construction project belonging to the forestry industry system among the six key forestry projects. The other five projects are all engaged in my country's ecological construction, only this project is mainly to solve the supply problem of wood and forest products in my country. Through the implementation of the project, it is necessary to meet the needs of national economic and social development for timber and forest products, reduce the pressure on the protection of natural forest resources, and promote the construction of the other five projects. At the same time, it is a "hope project" to enhance and develop forestry strength.

According to the plan, the implementation scope of the project is mainly located in the east of the 400 mm isorain line, with superior natural conditions, good site conditions, relatively gentle terrain, not easy to cause soil erosion, and will not adversely affect the ecological environment. Tropical and south subtropical Guangdong Guiqiongmin area, the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River in the north subtropical zone, the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River in the temperate zone (including the Huaihe and Haihe River basins), and the northeast Inner Mongolia in the cold temperate zone. The project specifically involves 18 provinces, including 886 counties (cities) in Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning, Inner Mongolia, Hebei, Henan, Shandong, Jiangsu, Anhui, Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Fujian, Hunan, Hubei, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan and Yunnan. , district), 114 forestry bureaus (fields). According to market needs, after 15 years of hard work, it is divided into two stages and three stages, namely the first stage from 2001 to 2005, the second stage from 2006 to 2015, of which 2006 to 2010 is the second stage, 2011 From 2015 to 2015 is the third phase. With high input, high output, highly intensive management, enterprise, marketization and commercialization, a number of fast-growing and high-yield timber forest bases with considerable scale will be built.

Project scale: The total scale of project construction is 13.33 million hectares (nearly 200 million mu), with 99 construction projects. There are three types of timber forest bases: the pulp base has a scale of 5.86 million hectares and has 39 construction projects; the man-made board base has a scale of 4.97 million hectares and 50 construction projects; the large-diameter grade timber base has a scale of 2.5 million hectares and 10 construction projects. Of the total area of 13.33 million hectares, 6.18 million hectares will be newly planted and 7.15 million hectares of existing forests will be replanted. It is divided into four key areas, namely, Guangdong, Guangxi, Qiongmin, middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, Northeast China, and Inner Mongolia. The scale of construction in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River is as follows:

The area includes the Yellow River Basin in Henan, Hebei, and Shandong Provinces, as well as the eastern Henan, central Hebei, southern Hebei, and western Shandong regions in the Huaihe and Haihe river basins. The construction scale is 1.048 million hectares, accounting for 8% of the total scale. The construction direction is: to cultivate the pulp raw material forest mainly composed of triploid aspen, Italian poplar, and Shalan poplar;

Calculated according to the average annual growth volume of 15 m3 per hectare, after the completion of all bases, the annual growth stand volume will be 199.58 million m3, and the output will be 133.37 million m3. Provide 40% of domestic production timber demand, coupled with the harvesting and utilization of existing forest resources, so that domestic timber supply and demand basically tend to balance.

According to the national fast-growing and high-yield forest construction plan, the pulp raw material forests dominated by triploid aspen, Italian poplar and Shalan poplar and wood-based panel raw material forests dominated by triploid tomentosa and paulownia are mainly developed in Shandong. It plays an important role in the development of Shandong Sufeng Forest, and also brings good opportunities for Shandong poplar industrialization.

2. The greening of the plains and the construction of green passages also require a large number of poplar seedlings

The construction of farmland forest nets, shelterbelts and green passages in Shandong and surrounding provinces is mainly dominated by poplar trees. Especially in the construction of green passages nationwide, dozens or even hundreds of meters are opened on both sides of the main roads. The green belt, and the current green channel is mainly the black poplar variety of poplar. Both of these aspects require a large number of poplar seedlings.

According to statistics, in 2002, Shandong Province produced about 2 billion green tree seedlings, including 1.4 billion poplar and willow fast-growing seedlings, accounting for 70% of the total seedling production. The output of commercial seedlings is about 600 million, accounting for 30% of the total seedlings. Among them, there are about 200 million commercial seedlings of poplar and willow, accounting for 33% of the commercial seedlings. About 1.4 billion propagating materials were produced this year, including 900 million poplar and willow seedlings, accounting for 64%, and 400 million seedlings of other conventional tree species such as Sophora japonica, P. , accounting for 30%. The remaining small trees, shrubs and vines have fewer seedlings, less than 7%.

Judging from the above-mentioned seedling market statistics, the proportion of poplar seedlings is currently very large, which is basically in line with the current development trend.

3. Poplar wood is widely used and in great demand

Poplar wood can be processed and utilized for multi-level and multi-variety products, as shown in Table 1-1. Its main uses are pulpwood, veneer and plywood, packaging boxes, furniture and other solid wood utilization, as well as particleboard, fiberboard and so on.

The pulp of my country's paper mills has always been imported. With the increase of the scale of paper mills, the supply of pulp will become more and more tight, and poplar wood can provide a large amount of short-cycle papermaking materials. Many paper companies in Shandong have already started poplar papermaking. The construction of the raw material base forest provides an important opportunity for the development of poplar.

Poplar is an important raw material for the production of various wood-based panels. my country's wood processing enterprises are developing rapidly. The raw materials of plywood, fiberboard, medium density fiberboard (MDF) and particleboard in Shandong Province mainly come from poplar.

At the same time, the whole poplar tree can be used, and the log segments of different diameter grades have different uses, such as:

1. Veneer and plywood: Poplars with a growth age of 10-15 years are generally used, with a diameter of up to 30-50 cm.

2. Furniture materials: Poplars with a growth age of 7-10 years are generally used, most of which are 20-30 cm in diameter, and the log volume is 20-30 m3/ha;

3. Other wood-based panels: 5-6-year-old poplar, due to its small size, is mainly used for particleboard, fiberboard, medium density fiberboard and oriented strand board.

It is also suggested that dry wood of poplar above 26 cm is used for processing and utilization of construction timber, plywood, veneer and sawn timber, and dry wood of diameter less than 26 cm, as well as tips, branches and cutting roots are used for fiberboard, particleboard and pulp and paper. At present, some countries have used the diameter class of 16-18 cm as the classification standard for wood use, and the diameter class above 16-18 cm is used as the raw material for laminated veneer lumber (LVL) and plywood.

4. Poplar harvesting cycle is short, poplar wood processing and utilization benefits are good, and planting income is high

Generally, poplar pulp can be harvested when it is 4 years old, and poplar wood can be harvested when it is 8 years old. The wood output is generally 1.5m3 to 2.5m3 per mu. The market price of poplar wood has increased from 300 yuan to 400 yuan per m3 in the past. m3400 to 650 yuan. Planting poplar trees only requires a large investment in the initial purchase of seedlings, less investment during the growth period, labor-saving management and low production costs.

According to the survey, in 2000, Jiangsu Province had cultivated more than 200 million poplar trees, with a planting area of 200,000 hectares, a commercial forest volume of 20 million m3, and an annual logging volume of 4 million m3. There were more than 5,000 poplar processing enterprises, and the output of wood-based panels 1.4 million m3, sales revenue of 15 billion yuan, profit and tax of 780 million yuan. The output value of wood production in each poplar cultivation county has reached 15-30% of the total local agricultural income.

With the recent adjustment of the agricultural industry structure in Shandong, the poplar industry has also developed. According to reports, Huantai County, Shandong Province, which is famous throughout the country as a "ton of grain county", has now become a major forestry county. Poplar trees have been newly planted in ton of grain fields, and the number of large-scale afforestation contractors in the county has grown to more than 20, some of them dozens of Mu, some hundreds of acres. Last year, the county has completed afforestation area of more than 30,000 mu, which is equivalent to the sum of the previous five years. There are more than 120 large and small forest products processing and papermaking enterprises in Huantai County, and the demand for wood is large. Only two forest product processing enterprises, Senmei and Xinghua, need 200,000 tons of timber a year. The poplar tree is full of treasures, the trunk is made of wood pulp, and the side branches are all used for the production of medium density fiberboard.